What Is VBAC (Vaginal Birth After Cesarean)?

Vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) is a vaginal delivery in a pregnancy that follows an earlier cesarean birth. Many people with a previous C-section can safely try for one, after discussing the option with their care team.

Who can try for a VBAC?

A trial of labor after cesarean, sometimes shortened to TOLAC, is the attempt to give birth vaginally after a previous cesarean section (C-section). Doctors and midwives look at several factors before suggesting it:

  • the type of cut made in the uterus during the earlier cesarean
  • how many cesareans the person has had
  • the reason for the previous cesarean
  • the health of the person and the baby in this pregnancy

What are the risks and benefits of VBAC?

A successful VBAC avoids major surgery, which usually means a shorter recovery and lower risk of infection. It may also lower some risks in future pregnancies. The main risk is uterine rupture, where the old scar opens during labor. This is rare, but it is serious, so labor is closely monitored. Some trials of labor end in an unplanned cesarean.

How do you plan a VBAC?

A VBAC is usually planned in a hospital that can perform an emergency cesarean if needed. A doctor or midwife can talk through personal risks, preferences and what happens if labor does not start on its own, so the decision is an informed one.

Sources: ACOG, NHS.

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