A laparoscopy is a type of keyhole surgery in which a doctor looks inside the abdomen and pelvis through small cuts using a thin camera. It is used to diagnose and treat conditions such as endometriosis.
A laparoscopy is usually done under general anesthetic. The surgeon makes one or more small cuts in the tummy, fills it with gas to create space, and inserts a laparoscope, a thin tube with a light and camera. Small instruments can pass through other cuts if treatment is needed at the same time.
Gynecologists use laparoscopy to look for the cause of pelvic pain or fertility problems. The procedure is the main way to confirm endometriosis, and the surgeon can often remove endometriosis tissue during the same operation. Laparoscopy is also used to treat an ectopic pregnancy, remove ovarian cysts or fibroids, carry out sterilization, or remove the womb.
Most people go home the same day or the next day. Tiredness, bloating, tummy discomfort and shoulder pain from the gas are common for a few days. According to the NHS, recovery after a diagnostic laparoscopy usually takes up to about 10 days, while recovery after surgery to treat a condition can take several weeks.
Time off depends on what was done and on the type of job. A phased return, lighter duties and avoiding heavy lifting for a while can help. The surgical team will advise on timing.
Sources: ACOG, NHS, MedlinePlus.
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