Endometriosis is a long-term condition where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows in other places, such as the ovaries and fallopian tubes. It can cause severe period pain, heavy periods and fertility problems.
Endometriosis affects people in different ways, and some have no symptoms. Common signs include period pain that stops you doing normal activities, pain during or after sex, pain when peeing or pooing during a period, and tiredness. Some people also have heavy periods or difficulty getting pregnant. The symptoms can look like PMS, but endometriosis is a separate medical condition.
A GP will usually ask about symptoms and may refer you to a specialist. Scans can help, but the most reliable way to confirm endometriosis is a laparoscopy, a type of keyhole surgery. Diagnosis can take a long time, so keeping a symptom diary can help.
Treatment for endometriosis aims to ease symptoms, because there is no cure. Options a doctor may discuss include painkillers, hormone medicines or contraceptives, and surgery to remove areas of endometriosis. The right choice depends on symptoms, age and whether you want to get pregnant.
Pain and fatigue from endometriosis can make some workdays very hard. Practical support may include flexible hours or remote work on bad days, time off for appointments and surgery, rest breaks and easy access to toilets. Open conversations about women's health in the workplace can make it easier to ask for help.
Sources: NHS, MedlinePlus.
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