Vulvodynia is long-lasting pain or discomfort in the vulva, the area around the opening of the vagina, with no clear cause. It can affect sitting, exercise, sex and other daily activities.
The main symptom of vulvodynia is pain in the vulva that lasts three months or longer. People describe it as burning, stinging, throbbing or rawness. The pain may be constant or come and go. For some, it is triggered by touch or pressure, such as sex, inserting a tampon, sitting for a long time or wearing tight clothing.
The exact cause is unknown. Possible factors include nerve irritation or damage, increased sensitivity to pain, pelvic floor muscle problems and hormonal changes. The condition is not caused by an infection and is not contagious, although other conditions, such as a yeast infection or skin conditions, need to be ruled out first.
A doctor diagnoses vulvodynia by asking about symptoms and examining the area, sometimes with a gentle cotton swab test. Treatment is often a mix of approaches, such as avoiding irritants, numbing creams, medicines that calm nerve pain, pelvic floor physiotherapy and talking therapies. Finding what works can take time, and a specialist clinic may be involved.
Vulvodynia can make long periods of sitting, standing or wearing a tight uniform painful. Helpful adjustments may include a cushion or adapted chair, freedom to change position, comfortable clothing options and time off for appointments. Because the condition is personal, a private and respectful conversation matters.
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