Cervical screening is a test that checks the health of the cervix, the opening between the vagina and the womb. It looks for high-risk HPV and abnormal cells so that changes can be found and treated before they turn into cervical cancer.
Cervical screening is not a test for cancer. It checks for types of human papillomavirus (HPV) that can cause changes in cervical cells over time. If high-risk HPV is found, the sample is checked for abnormal cells. Finding and treating these changes early can help prevent cervical cancer.
A nurse or doctor gently opens the vagina with a speculum and uses a small, soft brush to take cells from the cervix. The test itself usually takes a few minutes. It can feel uncomfortable, and you can ask for a smaller speculum, a chaperone or to stop at any time.
Screening programs invite women and people with a cervix at regular intervals. In England, everyone aged 25 to 64 is invited every 5 years. Age ranges and intervals differ between countries, so follow your local programme or ask your doctor. Contact a GP between tests if you have unusual bleeding, discharge or pain.
Appointments often run only during working hours. Being able to step out for an hour without explaining the details supports women's health in the workplace and makes it easier for people not to delay screening.
Sources: NHS, MedlinePlus, ACOG.
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